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Item Hedy Lamarr: Actor and the inventor of a wireless communications technique still in use today(NewScientist, 2000) Aron, JacobHedy Lamarr, a Hollywood actor, was born in Austria in 1914 to a wealthy Jewish family. The family fled to the United States in 1938, when Austria was annexed by Germany. She was also an inventor. In the run-up to World War II, she wanted to contribute to the United States war effort. Since the Nazis had the capability of jamming torpedo signals, causing them to miss their targets, she set out to develop an unjammable system of radio signals to control them. Along with composer, George Autheil, she developed a system that "would randomly switch to different radio frequencies to get around jamming, known as frequency-hopping (FH) spread spectrum communication." This system, which was patented in 1942 but was classified until 1981. It was used in early WIFI technology and is still in use today for Bluetooth technology. Click on the link above to read the article.Item J. Robert Oppenheimer: 5 Facts, including His Fraught Relationship with Judaism(Aish, 2023-07-16) Miller, Dr. Yvette AltJ. Robert Oppenheimer, was dubbed the "father of the atomic bomb." He directed the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos, New Mexico, where the bomb was developed. Oppenheimer, who came from an affluent, assimilated Jewish family, had a complicated relationship with his Judaism. He was avowedly assimilated, despite the fact that antisemitism dogged him throughout his academic career, beginning at Harvard, which, beginning in 1922, the year he matriculated, began asking applicants to disclose their religion in an effort to curb the number of Jewish students. Always keenly concerned with issues of ethics and morality, it was the Holocaust awakened Oppenheimer's identification with the Jewish people. Indeed, that was a motivating force behind his commitment to develop the bomb before the Nazis did. The article discusses Oppenheimer's misgivings about the arms race that would ensue and became a vocal opponent of the nuclear arms race and may well have been behind his losing his security clearance. Click on the link to read the article.Item Isaac Asimov and the Three Laws of Robotics(SciHi Blog, 2018-01-02) Tietz, TabiaIsaac Asimov was a science fiction writer and a biochemist. Asimov coined the term "robotics," which he used in his science fiction works. The robot characters in Asimov's science fiction were supposed to obey "The Three Laws of Robotics." This blog entry discusses these three laws as well as Asimov's literary and academic career. Click on the link above to read this blog entry.Item Press release: The 1992 Nobel Prize in Chemistry(NobelPrize.org, 1992-10-12) The Royal Swedish Academy of SciencesThis press release from the The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences explains the reasons that they awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Rudolph A. Marcus, a Canadian-American Jewish scientist. Click on the link above to access the press release. Click on See Also link to access Marcus' autobiographical essay.Item Rudolph A. Marcus – Biographical(www.nobelprize.org, 1992) Marcus, Rudolph A"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1992 was awarded to Rudolph A. Marcus 'for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems.'" Click on the link above to read this autobiographical essay originally written at the time of the award.Item ENZYMATIC CLEAVAGE OF RNA BY RNA(Nobel Foundation, 1989-12-08) Altman, SidneyNobel lecture presented by Sidney Altman when he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which he shared with Thomas R. Cech in 1989. They were awarded the Nobel Prize for the work they did on the catalytic properties of RNA. Click on the link under Files to read the lecture.Item Sidney Altman: Canadian-American scientist(Encyclopedia Britannica, 2019-05-03) Encyclopedia Britannica EditorsBrief biography of Sidney Altman, who shared the Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Thomas R. Cech in 1989. They were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on the catalytic properties of RNA. Click on the link to read the article.Item Spinach on the Ceiling: A Theoretical Chemist’s Return to Biology(The Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure, 2006) Karplus, MartinAn autobiographical essay by one of the winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2013. "I describe my experiences that led me from chemistry and physics back to my first love, biology, and outline some of the contributions I have made as part of my ongoing learning experience." Click on the link above to access the article.Item The First High Energy Neutrino Experiment(Nobel Media AB, 1988-12-08) Schwartz, MelvinMelvin Schwartz's Nobel Prize Lecture upon his winning the Nobel Prize in Physics along with fellow scientists Jack Steinberger and Leon Lederman. Click on the link above to access.Item Observations in Particle Physics from Two Neutrinos to the Standard Model(Nobel Media AM, 1988-12-08) Lederman, LeonLeon Lederman's Nobel Prize Lecture upon his winning the Nobel Prize in Physics along with fellow scientists Jack Steinberger' and Melvin Schwartz. Click on the link above to access.Item Experiments with High Energy Neutrino Streams(Nobel Media AB, 1988-12-08) Steinberger, JackJack Steinberger's Nobel Prize Lecture upon his winning the Nobel Prize in Physics along with fellow scientists Leon Lederman and Melvin Schwartz. Click on the link above to access.Item Jack Steinberger - Biographical(NobelPrize.org, 2019) Steinberger, JackAn autobiographical essay by Jack Steinberger on the occasion of his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988 along with fellow scientists Leon Lederman and Melvin Schwartz. Click on the link above to access.Item Melvin Schwartz - Biographical(nobelprize.org, 2019) Schwartz, MelvinAn autobiographical essay by Melvin Schwartz on the occasion of his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988 along with fellow scientists Leon Lederman and Jack Steinberger. Click on the link above to access.Item Fundamental Ideas and Problems of the Theory of Relativity(NobelPrize.org, 1923-07-11) Einstein, AlbertLecture delivered to the Nordic Assembly of Naturalists at Gothenburg, Although it is found on the Web site of NobelPrize.org, the "Lecture was not delivered on the occasion of the Nobel Prize award, and did not, therefore, concern the discovery of the photoelectric effect," which was what Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for. Click on the icon below to access the pdf version of the lecture.Item Observations in Particle Physics from Two Neutrinos to the Standard Model(NobelPrize.org, 1988-12-08) Lederman, LeonThe lecture given by Leon Lederman on the occasion of his winning in 1988 the Nobel Prize in Physics along with his colleagues Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger. Click on the icon below to view a pdf file of his lecture.Item Leon M. Lederman - Biographical(NobelPrize.org, 1991) Lederman, Leon M.An autobiographical essay by Leon Lederman on the occasion of his being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988 along with fellow scientists Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger. Click on the link above to access.Item The Circadian Clock, Transcriptional Feedback and the Regulation of Gene Expression(nobelprize.org, 2017-12-07) Rosbash, MichaelThe lecture and lecture slides for Michael Rosbash's Nobel Prize lecture. For the lecture, click on the first link above. For the lecture slides, click on the second link.Item Michael Rosbash: American geneticist(Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2018-02-28) Rogers, KaraA short biography of Michael Rosbash, American geneticist, awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (shared with Jeffrey C. Hall and Michael W. Young). Click on the link above to access the biography.Item Leonard Cohen Makes It Darker(The New Yorker, 2016-10-17) Remnick, DavidA biographical essay about Leonard Cohen, focusing on his last album, "Make It Darker." Click on the link above to access the article.Item Edward Teller Is Dead at 95; Fierce Architect of H-Bomb(New York Times, 2003-09-10) Sullivan, WalterThis obituary recounts in some detail the life of Edward Teller, sometimes called the father of the hydrogen bomb. Click on the link above to access the obituary.